PARIWISATA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT: BENTUK PARTISIPASI AKTIF MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA GEDEPANGRANGO, SUKABUMI
Sari
Pembangunan desa wisata tidak hanya bermodalkan pemandangan alam saja, tetapi kontribusi masyarakat dalam mendukung kegiatan pariwisata sangat diperlukan. Keunikan sebuah desa wisata adalah indikator penting dalam mengembangkan dan sekaligus menjadi daya tarik bagi wisatawan. Penelitian ini sepenuhnya dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Kreativitas dari masyarakat lokal dalam mengemas potensi yang ada membutuhkan dukungan dari pemerintah. Tradisi lokal, kreativitas dan inovasi merupakan indikator yang harus di dukung oleh pemangku kepentingan di desa wisata. Partisipasi aktif masyarakat di suatu destinasi dapat menentukan keberlangsungan kegiatan wisata yang berkualitas. Kegiatan wisata yang berkualitas yang dimaksud adalah pelestarian nilai-nilai lokal dan budaya yang berbasis pada masyarakat dan di dukung penuh oleh pemangku kepentingan terkait untuk menciptakan kepuasan wisatawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk keterlibatan masyarakat, pengembangan desa wisata Gedepangrango, dan rencana keberlanjutan desa wisata melalui partisipasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder. pengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui focus group discussion dan wawancara kepada pemerintah daerah dan masyarakat pelaku wisata, serta observasi lapangan di desa wisata Gedepangrango. Sementara data sekunder dilakukan melalui pengumpulan dokumen terkait fokus penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) masyarakat lokal telah berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan wisata, namun menemui keterbatasan dalam menciptakan kreativitas seperti pembuatan paket-paket wisata ayang menarik, (2) pengembangan prosuk-produk lokal sudah yang menajadi ciri khas lokal sudah berjalan, namun mengalami keterbatasan dalam pengemasan dan standarisasi, (3) rencana keberlanjutan desa wisata Gedepangrango di dukung sepenuhnya oleh pemerintah desa dan masyarakat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaku wisata di desa wisata Gedepangrango perlu pendampingan dalam mengembangkan dan menciptakan kreativitas yang dapat menarik kunjungan wisatawan. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya peran masyarakat dalam pengembangan pariwisata berbasis komunitas sebagai bagian dari strategi keberlanjutan, meliputi partisipasi masyarakat, pengembangan dan rencana keberlanjutan desa wisata. Penelitian ini memberikan dasar yang kuat bagi penelitian selanjutnya yang dapat berfokus pada analisis implementasi program pelatihan berkelanjutan, peningkatan daya saing UMKM, dan studi mengenai dampak jangka panjang pariwisata berbasis komunitas terhadap kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat lokal. Selain itu, masyarakat memiliki kesadaran akan peluang dan kesiapan menangkap manfaat yang dapat dikembangkan dari kegiatan pariwisata untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: Pariwisata berkelanjutan; Pariwisata berbasis masyarakat; Partisipasi aktif.
Abstact
The development of tourist villages is not solely reliant on natural scenery; community contributions in supporting tourism activities are essential. The uniqueness of a tourist village is a key indicator for development and serves as an attraction for tourists. This study was conducted entirely using a qualitative approach. The creativity of the local community in packaging existing potentials requires government support. Local traditions, creativity, and innovation are indicators that should be supported by stakeholders in tourist villages. Active community participation at a destination can determine the sustainability of quality tourism activities. Quality tourism activities here refer to the preservation of local values and culture, based on the community and fully supported by relevant stakeholders to create visitor satisfaction. This study aims to assess forms of community involvement, the development of the Gedepangrango tourist village, and the sustainability plan of the village through community participation. This study was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach with primary and secondary data collection. Primary data collection was carried out through focus group discussions and interviews with local government and tourism community actors, as well as field observations in the Gedepangrango tourist village. Secondary data were obtained through document collection related to the research focus. The findings of this study indicate that (1) the local community has participated in tourism activities but faces limitations in creating appealing tourism packages, (2) the development of distinctive local products has been progressing, though there are constraints in packaging and standardization, and (3) the sustainability plan of the Gedepangrango tourist village is fully supported by the village government and community. Based on the results, it is evident that tourism actors in the Gedepangrango tourist village need assistance in developing and creating attractions that can attract visitors. This research emphasizes the importance of community involvement in developing community-based tourism as part of the sustainability strategy, including community participation, development, and sustainability planning for tourist villages. It provides a strong foundation for future studies that could focus on analyzing the implementation of sustainable training programs, enhancing the competitiveness of MSMEs, and examining the long-term impact of community-based tourism on the economic well-being of local communities. Additionally, the community demonstrates awareness of opportunities and readiness to capture benefits that can be developed from tourism activities to improve their economic well-being.
Keywords: Sustainable tourism; Community-based tourism; Active participation
Kata Kunci
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31294/par.v11i2.24310
