Purwarupa Aplikasi Pencegahan Anemia Kehamilan di Puskesmas Kota Bandung

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                                                  ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini fokus pada upaya penurunan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) di Indonesia yang masih didominasi kasus perdarahan, hipertensi dan abortus. Pelaksanaan Maternal Health Care masih berupa pemeriksaan rutin kehamilan, pendidikan kesehatan dan program suplementasi zat besi ibu hamil serta pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk skrining terhadap penyakit penyerta. Kenyataannya pada masyarakat masih ditemukan permasalahan kesehatan selama kehamilan yang berakibat komplikasi pada masa kehamilan, persalinan maupun nifas. Kontributor munculnya masalah tersebut adalah kategori defisit asupan zat gizi ibu.  Rekomendasi World Health Organization (WHO) yaitu promosi kesehatan dalam hal penanganan masalah komplikasi dalam kehamilan adalah anemia. Merujuk hasil penelitian sebelumnya, pengaruh konseling bagi ibu hamil berpengaruh sangat tinggi dalam upaya pencegahan komplikasi kehamilan. Maka penting untuk mengembangkan suatu media pendidikan kesehatan yang dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan sekaligus memfasilitasi ibu hamil melakukan pencegahan langsung terhadap resiko tinggi komplikasi kehamilan. Melalui penelitian ini akan dibangun sebuah purwarupa aplikasi yang mampu mengukur kebutuhan zat gizi ibu hamil. Aplikasi ini diharapkan membantu meningkatkan kualitas hidup ibu hamil, agar insiden kematian ibu hamil dan bayi di Jawa Barat mengalami penurunan. Tahapan penelitian meliputi beberapa tahap, yaitu melakukan identifikasi dan analisis kebutuhan ibu hamil dengan anemia, melakukan kajian kebutuhan dari tenaga kesehatan ahli seperti ahli gizi, dokter kandungan, perawat dan bidan, pada akhir tahapan adalah membuat desain aplikasi beserta konten promosi kesehatan berkenaan dengan pencegahan komplikasi kehamilan.

Kata Kunci: ibu hamil, promosi kesehatan, sistem informasi, nutrisi

ABSTRACT

This study focused on decreased of Indonesia mortality rate (IMR), which is maternal mortalities in Indonesia dominated by bleeding, hypertension, and abortion. The implementation of maternal health care is mostly delivered based on routine activities, health education and free Fe tablets for three respective months, also additional examinations will be made to screen from other disease.  Moreover, health problem in pregnancy period still found in general population, and developed to become complications during pregnancy, delivery baby and postpartum. One of indicator as a lead to be a complication during pregnancy is inadequate of nutrients intake among pregnant women. The one thing program of world health organization about health promotion is concerning to tackle anemia as a pregnancy complication. According to previous studies about counseling for pregnant women there is has a strong influenced to prevention of pregnancy complications. Furthermore, is important to develop a health education method and to improve health knowledge in reduce of complication high risk during pregnancy. This study will provide an application web prototype for estimated nutrients needs among pregnant women. In additionally, this application can be an alternative way to increase quality life of pregnant women and reduced of maternal and neonatal mortality at West Java. This research consists of several stages started from identification and need assessment analyzed of pregnant women with anemia, then explored information from health professionals such as nutritionist, obstetrician, nurses, and midwives. Lastly, create the application design including health promotion context related to pregnancy complication prevention.

Keywords: pregnant women, health promotion, health information system, nutrition