Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II
Sari
ABSTRAK
Prevalensi diabetes mellitus terutama DM tipe II merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan global. Komplikasi akibat diabetes merupakan penyebab kematian ketiga di Indonesia. Diabetes Mellitus adalah kondisi kronik, dan berhubungan dengan komplikasi seperti neurophathy, nephropathy, retinophaty, dan kaki diabetik yang merupakan kondisi isu berbahaya dalam masalah kesehatan. Pengetahuan tentang diabetes sangat penting di dalam manajemen diabetes. Pengetahuan yang kurang dapat meningkatkan kemungkinan terjadinya komplikasi diabetes dan pengeluaran yang lebih tinggi pada penderita diabetes. Resiko dari diabetes sangat tinggi sehingga pengetahuan sangat penting ukan hanya penderita dan keluarga tapi juga masyarakat. Menurut penelitian sebelumnya faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengetahuan terdiri dari pendidikan, usia, pekerjaan, keluarga dengan diabetes, dan pengalaman penyakit diabetes. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai diabetes mellitus tipe II. Metode penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan teknik korelasional, respoden berjumlah 66 orang secara accidental. Analisis data menggunakan rank spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berhubungan dengan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang diabetes mellitus adalah usia (p-val=0.03) dan pengalaman menjadi penderita DM tipe II (p-val=0.04). Hasil menunjukkan masih banyak responden yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang baik, sehingga perlu ada intervensi seperti pendidikan kesehatan kepada masyarakat agar pengetahuan menjadi baik dan mencegah terjadinya komplikasi diabetes.
Kata Kunci: Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II, Faktor-Faktor, Pengetahuan
ABSTRACT
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus, especially type II DM, is one of the global health problems. Complications due to diabetes are the third leading cause of death in Indonesia. Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition, and is associated with complications such as neurophathy, nephropathy, retinophaty, and diabetic foot which are conditions of dangerous issues in health problems. Knowledge about diabetes is very important in diabetes management. Poor knowledge can increase the likelihood of complications of diabetes and higher spending on diabetics. The risk of diabetes is very high so knowledge is very important not only sufferers and families but also society. According to previous research the factors that influence knowledge consist of education, age, occupation, family with diabetes, and experience of diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to public knowledge about type II diabetes mellitus. This research method is cross sectional with correlational techniques, respondents number 66 people by accidental. Data analysis uses rank spearman. The results showed that factors related to people's knowledge about diabetes mellitus were age (p-val = 0.03) and the experience of being type II DM patients (p-val = 0.04). The results show that there are still many respondents who have poor knowledge, so there needs to be interventions such as health education for the community so that knowledge becomes good and prevents diabetes complications.
Keywords: Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Factors, Knowledge
Teks Lengkap:
PDFReferensi
Abdollahi, F., & Khan, M. S. (2015). Mindfulness-based intervention in relation to wellness , emotional wellbeing and quality of life in breast cancer patients, 6(7), 700–705.
Bruce, D. G., Davis, W. A., Cull, C. A., & Davis, T. M. E. (2003). Diabetes education and knowledge in patients with type 2 diabetes from the community The Fremantle Diabetes Study, 17, 82–89.
Carvalho, A. &. (2010). A Sustainability Paradigm. The Knowledge Society.
Genz, J., Haastert, B., Müller, H., Verheyen, F., Cole, D., Rathmann, W., …
Icks, A. (2014). Socioeconomic factors and effect of evidence-based patient information about primary prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus - are there interactions ?, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-7-541
Guariguata L, Whiting DR, Hambleton I, Beagley J, Linnenkamp U, et al. (2014). Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 130, 137–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.002
International Diabetes Federation (IDF). (2015). Idf diabetes atlas sixth edition.
Kayama, M., Gregg F., M., Asahara, K., Yamamoto-Mitani, N., Okuma, K., Ohta, K., & Kinoshita, Y. (2013). Mentoring Doctoral Students for Qualitative Research: Interviews With Experienced Nursing Faculty in Japan. Journal of Nursing Education, 52(5), 283–289. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20130320-02
Kemenkes RI. (2014). Situasi dan Analisis Diabetes. Pusat Data Dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan RI. https://doi.org/24427659
Kilkenny, M. F., Dunstan, L., Busingye, D., Purvis, T., Reyneke, M., Orgill, M., & Cadilhac, D. A. (2017). Knowledge of risk factors for diabetes or cardiovascular disease (CVD) is poor among individuals with risk factors for CVD. PLoS ONE, 12(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172941
Knight K, Badamgarav E, Henning JM, Hasselblad V, G. A. J., & Ofman JJ, et al. (2005). A systematic review of diabetes disease management programs. Am J Manag Care, 11(4), 242–250.
Liu, X., Shi, Y., Willis, K., Wu, C.-J. (Jo), & Johnson, M. (2017). Health education for patients with acute coronary syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. BMJ Open, 7(10), e016857. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016857
Mohammed, S., Islam, S., Niessen, L. W., Seissler, J., Ferrari, U., & Biswas, T. (2015). Diabetes knowledge and glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh. SpringerPlus. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-015-1103-7
Notoatmodjo. (2010). Promosi Kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Padhy, M., Padiri, R. A., Hariharan, M., & Rana, S. (2018). Diabetes Mellitus Knowledge Test : development , psychometric evaluation , and establishing norms for Indian population.
Pratley, R. E. (2013). Type 2 diabetes is one of the leading causes of premature morbidity and mortality introduction. The American Journal of Medicine, 9(1), 126.
Riyanto, B. (2013). Kapita Selekta Kuisioner Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Dalam Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba.
Saleh F, Mumu SJ, Ara F, Begum HA, A. L. (2012). Knowledge and self-care practices regarding diabetes among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 12(1), 1112.
Schonberg, M. A., Birdwell, R. L., Bychkovsky, B. L., & Silliman, R. A. (2014). Older women ’ s experience with breast cancer treatment decisions, 211–223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-014-2921-y
Tabel Profil Kesehatan Kota Bandung Tahun 2014. (2014), 2014.
Tabrizi JS, Wilson AJ, Coyne ET, O. P. (2008). Review of patientreported type 2 diabetes service quality. Australian Health Review, 32(1), 23–33. https://doi.org/10.1071/AH080023
Wawan, & Dewi. (2011). Teori dan Pengukuran Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku Manusi. Cetakan II. Jakarta: Nuha Medika.
Widhiantara, I. (2018). Diabetes Fakta dan Angka. Jurnal Kesehatan.
Williams, I. C., Utz, S. W., Hinton, I, Yan, G., Jones, R., & Reid, K. (2014). Enhancing diabetes self-care among rural African Americans with diabetes: results of a two- year culturally tailored intervention. The Diabetes Educator, 40(20).
Witasari, U., Rahmawaty, S., & Zulaekah, S. (2009). Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan, Asupan Karbohidrat dan Serat dengan Pengendalian Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Sains, 10(2), 130–138.
Cruz, Y., Hernandez-Lane, M. E., Cohello, J. I., & Bautista, C. T. (2013). The effectiveness of a community health program in improving diabetes knowledge in the hispanic population: Salud y bienestar (health and wellness). Journal of Community Health, 38(6), 1124–1131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-013-9722-9oj
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31311/jk.v6i2.4316
##submission.license.cc.by4.footer##
Diterbitkan oleh:
Lembaga Penelitian & Pengabdian Masyarakat (LPPM) Universitas BSI Bandung
