Efektivitas Terapi Kompres Hangat Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Dismenore Pada Remaja Di Bandung

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ABSTRAK

Menstruasi merupakan salah satu tanda remaja putri mengalami pubertas. Menstruasi seringkali menimbulkan nyeri pada remaja putri, terutama dibagian perut yang menjalar hingga ke paha, rasa nyeri ini disebut dismenore. Hal tersebut dapat membuat konsentrasi belajar remaja putri berkurang sehingga dismenore perlu diatasi. Cara mengatasi dismenore ada 2 yaitu secara farmakologis (menggunakan obat-obatan) dan secara non farmakologis, salah satunya kompres hangat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kompres hangat terhadap dismenore pada remaja putri. Desain penelitian ini berupa Pra-Eksperimen dengan menggunakan pendekatan One-Group Pra test- Post test Design. Sampel remaja putri kelas VII dan VIII yang mengalami dismenore sebanyak 47 siswi pada bulan Juli - Agustus tahun 2017. Teknik sampling penelitian ini adalah Purposive Sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan thermometer air, lembar observasi skala nyeri dismenore Numerik Rating Scale (NRS) dan lembar informed consent. Berdasarkan hasil distribusi frekuensi diketahui bahwa sebelum dilakukannya intervensi (pemberian kompres hangat) tingkat dismenore (nyeri haid) sebagian dikategorikan nyeri sedang yaitu 23 orang (48.9%), sebagian kecil dikategorikan nyeri ringan 14 orang (29,8%), dan nyeri berat 10 orang (21,3%), serta tidak satupun yang dikategorikan tidak nyeri & nyeri sangat berat. Setelah dilakukan terapi kompres hangat, sebagian besar yang mengalami nyeri ringan yaitu 33 orang (70.2%), sebagian kecil dikategorikan nyeri sedang 13 orang (27.7%), dan sangat sedikit dikategorikan tidak nyeri 1 orang (2,1%). Setelah di Uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan P-value = 0,000 dimana P-value < 0,05, sehingga Ho ditolak, artinya terdapat efektivitas pemberian kompres hangat penurunan nyeri haid (dismenore) pada remaja usia 13-15 Kota Bandung.

Kata Kunci: Dismenore, Efektivitas kompres hangat, Remaja putri

ABSTRACT

Menstruation is one of the signs of adolescent girls experiencing puberty. Menstruation often causes pain in young women, especially in the abdomen that spreads to the thighs, this pain is called dysmenorrhea. This can make the concentration of learning teenage daughter is reduced so that dysmenorrhea needs to be overcome. How to overcome dysmenorrhea there are 2 that is pharmacologically (using drugs) and non pharmacologically, one of them warm compress. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of warm compresses against dysmenorrhea in young women. The design of this research is Pre-Experiment using One-Group Pre-test-Post Test Design approach. Samples of girls of grade VII and VIII who experienced dysmenorrhea as many as 47 female students in July - August 2017. Sampling technique of this research is Purposive Sampling. The instrument used was water thermometer, observation scale of dismenorrhizal pain Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and informed consent sheet. Based on the results of the frequency distribution it is known that prior to the intervention (warm compress) the dysmenorrhea rate was partially categorized as moderate pain, ie 23 people (48.9%), a minority was categorized as mild pain 14 people (29.8%), and severe pain 10 people (21.3%), and none of which are categorized as not painful and very severe pain. After a warm compress therapy, most of those with mild pain were 33 (70.2%), some were moderately painful 13 people (27.7%), and very few were categorized as painless 1 person (2.1%). After the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test the results of this study show P-value = 0,000 where P-value <0.05, so Ho is rejected, meaning there is effectiveness of warm compresses decrease menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) in adolescents aged 13-15 years.

Keywords: Effectiveness warm compress, dysmenorrhea